Anthropology Vs Psychology Anthropology Versus Psychology

Many things can happen during childhood, some events much more extreme than others. This reminded me of the passage â€Å"Child Custody: Anthropology versus Psychology† from the short story Notes from an Expert Witness. Many households experience a divorce some can be easy and painless, and others can have a large impact on a child’s life. My family fell under that fifty percent, and for better, or worse it has sculpted my childhood and made me who I am today. It all started with typical fighting between parents, nothing major. Soon fights got worse, and the child custody battle began, and this is when my life began to change. It all began with family feuds. I was in third grade, going into fourth when the fights started appearing. I figured they had been going on longer, but this is when they could no longer hide it from my sister and I. It started with short disputes and nothing too extreme, as time passed the fights only got worse and more frequent. It went from my dad sleeping on the couch, to living in our basement, and then to moving onto our boat. The arguments caused issues for myself as well. I was losing sleep because at this age nothing could be worse than your parents splitting up, even if it was for the best. It was a very stressful environment so it was hard for me to get homework done. As the separation ran its course, it took a big chunk out of my confidence at that age. Williams 2 Once the divorce was finalized, moving trucks were here, and out of nowhere myShow MoreRelatedMultivariate Statistical Analysis : Natural And Physical Processes1078 Words   |  5 Pagesare related to one another, and also how they work in combination to differentiate between the cases on which the observations are made. Several research disciplines such as biology, medicine, environmental Science, Psychology, Sociology, Economics, Education, Archaeology, Anthropology have broad applications of Multivariate statistical analysis (2). Numerous interesting research questions about natural and physical processes are so complex that they require multivariate models and multivariate statisticsRead MoreLife Span Perspective Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pagesmade or nurture them. Multi-disciplinary is another characteristic of development which pertains to all the fields that can be used to study human development and collect data (Berger). These fields include but are not limited to psychology, biology, sociology, anthropology, neuroscience, economics, religion, history, medicine, genetics and others. Multi-contextual aspects refer to the part of development which influences the development of an individual based on historical, family and economicalRead MoreHuman Development Is A Product Of Conditioning, Learning And Reinforcement Essay1943 Words   |  8 Pagescessation. Traditionally, life-span development has primarily been the province of psychologists. Most commonly the ï ¬ eld is called developmental psycholog y or, if it is focused primarily on children, child development or child psychology. Psychology itself is often deï ¬ ned as the scientiï ¬ c study of behavior and mental processes.   Developmental psychology is a scientific approach which aims to explain how children and adults change over time. A significant proportion of theories within this disciplineRead MoreCross Cultural Communication Important For Businesses1380 Words   |  6 Pageseven though generalisation can help to learn and understand different cultures around the world, it can lead to a negative stereotyping, miscommunication and conflicts. What is culture? Culture is an important concept not only in sociology, anthropology, psychology, but in International business as well. It could be explained by the way we live, what we wear, eat or talk. Furthermore, we can use the word culture to indicate obtained or learned behavior which is shared among other members of theRead MoreMultivariate Statistical Analysis : Natural And Physical Processes1797 Words   |  8 Pagesare related to one another, and also how they work in combination to differentiate between the cases on which the observations are made. Several research disciplines such as biology, medicine, environmental Science, Psychology, Sociology, Economics, Education, Archaeology, Anthropology have broad applications of Multivariate statistical analysis (2). 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Retrieved from http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/orpc/vol2/iss1/8 This Online Readings in Psychology and Culture Article is broughtRead MoreCurrent Culture of an Organization Using a Conceptual Model or Framework2272 Words   |  10 Pagesconceptual model or framework and we will discuss how senior managers have sought to manage the culture of the organization over the past decade and what they could/should have done differently. 1. Introduction Organizational culture describes the psychology, attitudes, experiences, beliefs and values (personal and cultural values) of an organization. It has been defined as the specific collection of values and norms that are shared by people and groups in an organization and that control the way theyRead MoreOn Key Symbols (1873)- S. Ortner4944 Words   |  20 Pagesidea that each culture has certain key elements which, in an ill-defined way, are crucial to its distinctive organization. Since the publication of Benedicts Patterns of Culture in 1934, the notion of such key elements has persistedin American anthropology under a variety of rubrics: themes (e.g., Opler 1945; Cohen 1948), focal values (Albert 1956), dominant values (DuBois 1955), integrative concepts (DuBois 1936), dominant orientations (F. Kluckhohn 1950), and so forth. We can also findRead MoreAnalysis of Ebay China’s Failure and Suggestions to Ebay’s Return Strategy from the Perspective of Cross-Cultural Conflicts7600 Words   |  31 Pagescommon things in business world. Of course, the problem of cross-cultural conflicts commonly existed in multinational companies. Cross-cultural conflicts stem from the term of â€Å"Culture Shock†, it was first applied by Kalvero Oberg, an American anthropology, in 1960. In his article, Oberg defined Culture Shock as follows: â€Å"Culture Shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. These signs or cues include the thousand and one

The Environmental Protection Agency ( Usda Crops ( Gm Crops )

Humans have been genetically modifying crops (GM crops) since the beginning of agriculture. From domesticating wild grasses, which would become the modern staple grains of today, to breeding the best seeds of fruit in order to produce a larger and sweeter yield. Dr. Nina V. Fedoroff, a biology professor and ex-science/technology advisor to the Secretary of State, does not deny the benefits of GM crops in her article â€Å"Engineering Food for All†. Fedoroff provides credible and convincing evidence for easing current strict federal regulation of GM crops. According to Fedoroff, the declining supply of food due to global warming and an increasing population will produce a high demand for sustenance in the coming years (par. 1). In order to meet†¦show more content†¦12). Given the evidence, Fedoroff argues that â€Å"the three United States regulatory agencies† should loosen the rains on â€Å"the development of genetically modified crops† especially if no â€Å"evidence of harm† exists (Fedoroff, par. 13-14). Fedoroff effectively foreshadows to her topic and stance with the title of her article â€Å"Engineering Food for All.† The word â€Å"Engineering† may relate to a scientific term, and the addition of â€Å"Food for All† prepares the reader to piece together science with food in order to benefit the greater population. Dr. Nina V. Fedoroff, starts out by displaying her political background by alluding to President Obama’s initiative to â€Å"stimulate innovation by eliminating unnecessary regulation,† and her disagreement with the EPA â€Å"choking off innovation† with more GM crop regulation (par. 2). Fedoroff then shows her biological knowledge throughout the article by providing the reader with brief, but effective scientific information about the benefits of genetically modifying crops. For example Fedoroff states, â€Å"The induction of mutations in plants...improve yields [of crops]† (par. 3). Fedoroff structures her article by first providing the supporting facts, and then finishes with her two thesis arguments. The first argues for federal agencies to loosen regulation on the â€Å"development of genetically modified crops,† and to only worry about the negative side effects â€Å"if any† from

Changes That Have Occurred To The National Curriculum Education Essay Free Essays

string(196) " National Literacy Strategy to all Primary Schools in England from September 1998 after puting marks for students at Key Stage 2 in English \( 80 % \) , Mathematics \( 75 \) , but non in Science\." ‘Since the debut of the National Curriculum in 1992, a figure of alterations have been made to its construction and execution. Identify and explicate these alterations and measure the part of the National Curriculum in the attempt to raise criterions in Education ‘ . By Keith Lyons This essay will depict, place and explicate the alterations that have occurred to the ‘National Curriculum ‘ ( NC ) since its construct in 1992. We will write a custom essay sample on Changes That Have Occurred To The National Curriculum Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It will besides measure these alterations and measure the benefits and troubles that it has experienced since 1992. The ‘Education Reform Act ‘ ( ERA ) came into consequence in 1988, this enabled Kenneth Baker the Conservative Minister of Education to implement the roll-out of the National Curriculum in 1992 within primary / secondary instruction. However, prior to 1992 there had been no National Curriculum and antecedently instructors had worked out their ain strategies of work that they deemed appropriate for their students. As a consequence of this the criterion of instruction across the state varied well and the methods employed to learn were wide-ranging. With the execution of the National Curriculum in 1992, duty was shifted off from instructors to centralized authorities over what was to be taught. The National Curriculum established a ‘set-framework ‘ of larning to enable kids to travel freely between schools as they would be larning from the same model. The National Curriculum ensured that schools taught a certain scope of topics, this consisted of 10 topics. The topics were divided into two sub-categories ( nucleus and foundation ) . The three chief nucleus topics were English, Maths and Science, and together with seven other foundation topics ( Art, Home Economics. Music, History, a Modern Foreign Language ( merely compulsory in secondary schools ) , Geography and Physical Education created the foundation of the National Curriculum. Compulsory National trials ( SATS ) were introduced at 7, 11 and 14 on nucleus topics. The consequences are published yearly in conference tabular arraies ( along with GCSE/A degrees and hooky statistics ) . Changes occurred to the National Curriculum from its origin. Rather than being embraced the National Curriculum was met with ill will from some instructors and most of the larger instructors brotherhoods. One of the chief unfavorable judgments of the National Curriculum by instructors and learning brotherhoods was that at first glimpse that it contained far excessively many topics and was considered to be excessively stiff, compared to what was antecedently taught. This meant that it was hard to learn the topic good as the pupils had to larn so many topics, and they presumed that it would be really hard for pupils. The National Curriculum was besides criticized for being highly ‘Eurocentric ‘ , as it was chiefly focused around European civilization, giving those from cultural backgrounds really small chance to larn about their roots. Certain subdivisions of the populace besides argued that the authorities deliberately fashioned the National Curriculum to take topics which they as a political party are against for political grounds, such as sociology, political relations, and environmental scientific disciplines ( they were ne’er contained in the National Curriculum ) . However, a benefit to the National Curriculum was that instructors now had to educate pupils in a scope of topics. This gave kids / pupils a better start for the accomplishments they would necessitate for subsequently in life. It was besides disputed that the national Curriculum helped to cut down the division of misss and boys topics, as both sexes were taught the same topics. This helped to cut down the stereotyping of gender. In 1993, instructors decided to boycott the national course of study proving agreements ( SATS ) after kicking about the work load. The Secretary of State for Education, in a move in the right way asked Sir Ron Dearing, who was the current Chairman of the School Curriculum and Assessment AuthorityHYPERLINK â€Å" hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bookrags.com/tandf/school-curriculum-and-assessment-tf # p2000a9f68830215001 † ( SCAA ) , to reexamine the national course of study. Dearing made an Interim Report in 1993 and a Final Report in 1994 ( The Dearing Report ) after a period of audience with instructors and the instructors brotherhoods. In his study his recommended on slimming down the course of study, and bettering its disposal. He besides recommended that the slimmed down national course of study should non be altered for five old ages and that national trials should be simplified without giving cogency or dependability. The revised course of study was implemented from August 1995. The 1992, Ofsted ( The Office for Standards in Education ) formed as portion of the major inspection and repair and centralization of the school system begun by the Education Reform Act 1988, which introduced the National Curriculum, extended testing in schools and the publication of conference tabular arraies. Ofsted reviews were carried out on school every 6 old ages. This alteration was introduced as it was believed criterions needed to be raised in schools. Many people thought Ofsted reviews were a good thought, if schools were neglecting, it was noticed and steps were put in topographic point in order to better these schools. However, Ofsted were besides frequently seen to be excessively rigorous on schools, doing it hard for schools to go through review extremely. Besides, it was felt that many instructors and schools would better their instruction criterions while they were being inspected. Some schools would besides direct some of their worst behaved pupils on school trips for the reviews. This defeated the object of Ofsted reviews as it was n’t the normal instruction criterions that were being tested. Recent reviews by Ofsted have revealed that although a good proportion of schools had improved since they were last checkered many were calming weakness. Figures released by Ofsted in 2009 show that 11 % of schools checked since last September were rated outstanding, while 9 % were non up to rub. [ Angela Harrison, BBC ] In the twelvemonth 2006-07, 14 % of those checked were outstanding and 6 % were â€Å" unequal † . [ Angela Harrison, BBC ] In 1997, the incoming ‘The New Labour Government ‘ came into power in the UK. They Introduced the National Literacy Strategy to all Primary Schools in England from September 1998 after puting marks for students at Key Stage 2 in English ( 80 % ) , Mathematics ( 75 ) , but non in Science. You read "Changes That Have Occurred To The National Curriculum Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" Previously a pilot undertaking had been tested during 1996, which involved schools in 14 Local Education Authorities. The scheme was planned for instructors to learn a day-to-day Literacy Hour, which followed a form of 30 proceedingss whole category instruction, so group work and reasoning with a plenary session. A figure of paperss have been published by the Department for Education and Employment ( DfEE ) to assist instructors raise criterions in literacy at the clip. The National Literacy Strategy model endeavoured to better criterions for all primary aged students. The scheme ‘s intent was to do certain that all students were having on a day-to-day footing dedicated one hr of literacy. The terminal consequence would give pupils the chance to develop accomplishments in reading, grammar, spelling, and unwritten work and assist raise criterions in instruction and acquisition. In the undermentioned twelvemonth of September 1999 The National Numeracy Strategy model was introduced and like the literacy scheme, aimed at raising criterions for all primary students. Similar to the National Literacy Strategy it prescribed a one hr day-to-day mathematics lesson for all students. The Five Year Review in 2000 set out the chief purposes and intents of the National Curriculum for the first clip. The four chief intents of the National Curriculum are: To set up an entitlement. To set up criterions. To advance continuity and coherency. To advance public apprehension. The National Curriculum has been put into topographic point in the hope that kids will accomplish and will hold an entitlement to larning irrespective of their background, be it race, gender, cultural or otherwise.A It besides makes outlooks for kids ‘s attainment explicit for all concerned and sets out national criterions for performance.A These criterions can so be used for mark scene, mensurating advancement and monitoring patterned advance. The Foundation Stage was introduced by the Labour authorities in 2000, to supply counsel for scenes which provide attention and instruction to pre-school kids ( aged 3 to 5 ) . It was named the Foundation Stage because â€Å" †¦ it lays the foundations for kids ‘s subsequently larning. † [ Neaum and Tallack, 2002 ] . It evolved from the Rumbold Report of 1990, which investigated the educational proviso for the under 5 ‘s, and found that there was a patchy, unplanned course of study which was unsatisfactory. In 2004 a reappraisal was carried out of Key Stage 4, from this reappraisal the debut of ‘Entitlement topics ‘ . The Curriculum Entitlement Framework provides students with entree to a wider scope of larning chances suited to their demands, aptitudes and involvements, irrespective of where they live or the school they attend. In 2007 the authorities abolished formal written Key Stage 1 SATS and replaced them with instructor recorded appraisals. The Key Stage 1 appraisals are really low key and completed by the student ‘s instructor over a period of a few hebdomads so they will be barely cognizant that an appraisal is taking topographic point. In 2008 a reappraisal of Secondary National Curriculum resulted in new Key Stage 3 and 4 Curriculum which was introduced in 2009. This updated portion of the course of study now offers Diplomas and other options to current GCSE and A-level scrutinies. In 2009 the so current Labour authorities announces that Key Stage 3 Sats scrutinies are to be abolished and that Sir Jim Rose will be carry oning a full reappraisal of the Primary National Curriculum. The findings of the study will be implemented from September 2011. In May 2010 a general election was held and ‘New Conservative ‘ / Liberal Democrat authorities came to power under David Cameron and Nick Clegg. The hereafter changes to the new primary national course of study which were put frontward by Sir Jim Rose to be implemented from September 2011 have been shelved, the authorities saying that it does non mean to continue with the new primary course of study. Alternatively they are committed to giving schools more freedom from unneeded prescription and bureaucratism. They have ever made clear their purpose to do alterations to the National Curriculum that will guarantee ‘a grim focal point on the rudimentss and give instructors more flexibleness than the proposed new primary course of study offered. The National Curriculum has undergone considerable alteration and development over the past 20 old ages and is still being altered and adjusted at the present twenty-four hours. Controversy still exists as to the attack instruction should follow for those over the age of 14 testing is thought to be to a great extent based on callback of cognition promoting a deficiency of accomplishment development activities. Many of the original topics that were compulsory no longer are, as it was felt the course of study was excessively full. In my sentiment, since the debut of the National Curriculum, I believe that it was the anchor to greatly bettering the criterions of instruction that kids receive in today ‘s society. This is because before the criterion of instruction pupils received was extremely based on category position and was typically biased towards the in-between / upper category households, another factor was your vicinity in the state. Teachers besides taught a scope of topics that they wished to learn as there were no set subjects so what you could be taught varied across the state. This led to many pupils go forthing school with limited cognition. With the debut of the Literacy and Numeracy hours Sats consequences have increased once more of the subsequent old ages but once more now have slowed to a arrest. As seen in the tabular array below. But on the impudent side holding felt that on the whole the National Curriculum is effectual it is besides slightly flawed. Children are ‘taught to the trial ‘ at a hurt to other topics, and so they are losing out on a wide and balanced course of study. Schools and learning staff will besides acknowledge that they are being forced to â€Å" learn to the trial † ; cutting out topics such as history, geographics and art to blow up their place on national conference tabular arraies or else expression as if they are neglecting. The national trials besides distort kids ‘s instruction as they are being offered a restricted timetable as instructors are forced to concentrate on the nucleus topics. In a figure of schools an accent on trials in English, Mathematics and Science limits the scope of work in these topics in peculiar twelvemonth groups, every bit good as more loosely across the course of study in some primary schools. Having said this, the positive points outweighed the negative greatly as it was the start towards the National Curriculum that we presently have today. How to cite Changes That Have Occurred To The National Curriculum Education Essay, Essay examples

Awareness of Lifestyle Changes

Question: Discuss about the Awareness of Lifestyle Changes. Answer: Introduction: Miss Bell was recognised as a patient who had high pulse rate and was also seen to suffer from mild tachycardia. From the lifestyle, that she leads, one can easily understand the main causes that had contributed to the occurrences of the bouts of breathlessness. Tachycardia usually occurs when the heart beats too rapidly. The higher than normal heartbeat as is evident from the high pulse rate is mainly because the heart pumps less efficiently and flow of blood to different parts of the body is reduced along with that of the heart. From the case history, the main contributing factors that are found to be the reason of tachycardia is the consumption of processed and higher fact containing foods. Heavy meals forming of fast foods and processed foods are high in sodium and saturated fat. In presence of less consumption of water, the blood becomes thicker and it therefore compels the heart to work harder. Cholesterol levels may also shoot higher after such meals due to overworking of heart. Consuming too much of alcohol is also found to the contributing factors of tachycardia. Often alcohol is found to disturb the pacemaker system in such a way that the heart starts beating rapidly and irregularly. Age is often a contributing factor for increasing blood pressure leading to hypertension. Arteries become stiffer and narrower to plaque build-up. Besides, lifestyle factors such as physical inactivity, salt rich diet with processed fatty foods and alcohol use are also the causes. All these are observed in the patient and therefore one can understand the main factors responsible for such condition. Secondary prevention mainly refers to the reduction of the impact of a diseases or disorder. It involves detection and treatment of the diseases encouraging personal strategies to prevent recurrence. Secondary prevention of the patient should be patient cantered approach that will deal with the specific symptoms that miss Bell is facing rather than providing conventional treatment to her. Hypertension of the patient should be treated by thiazide diuretics acting on kidneys to help body eliminate the sodium and water reducing blood volume. The best medication that can be given to her include beta blockers that reduce workload on the heart and open blood vessels helping to beat heart slowly and with less force (van der Werf Lieve, 2016). Calcium channel blockers can also be used to make the muscles of the blood vessels relax and also slows down heart rate. Alcohol specially wines should be strictly avoided as it is believed that grapefruit juice often interacts with calcium channel bl ockers as they tend to increase the blood levels of the medication. This puts the patient at a higher risk for side effects. Besides medication, she should immediately alter and modify her lifestyle so that the symptoms do not arise in her in the future. She should maintain a healthy diet containing more of organic products and home cooked food in order to decrease the amount of saturated fats in her diet. She should have a daily schedule of eating, sleeping and exercising at the same fixed times (Ozdag, Didem Suna Yavuz, 2015). Although she remains quite busy, lifestyle changes would help her from these occurrences. Alcohol consumption everyday should be inhibited and can be only taken occasionally. Regular exercise would help her to get well. Maintaining a healthy weight and limiting the amount of alcohol would help her to get better. Tertiary prevention would be started when the blood pressure reaches 140/90. Engaging herself in different community based programs of yoga, meditations, diet maintenance classes and others will help her to understand how she will tackle the symptoms herself. She can undertake regular morning walks in the parks nearby her house whenever she is present in hometown and help her life towards betterment. Carrying home cooked food to offices will be a refreshing change to her health. Reflection: On the day of the visit of Miss Bell, I was going to the doctors ward when being summoned by the doctor. In the corridor, I all of a sudden saw, miss Bell holding the walls and trying to sit on the chairs provided. I immediately rushed to her understanding that she was having abnormality. From my evidence based research practise, I applied my knowledge of first checking the pulse rate. After measuring it, I understood that it was irregular and I immediately took her to the patient ward. I was highly praised by my fellow mates for my quick action and measuring the pulse rate which is a very crucial signal for the symptoms. However, I was not sure what medication to provide her particularly at that time for I could not ask the patient of her history at the critical moment. I was very confused. Therefore, I asked my mentor about the course of work that I should follow. She instructed me to provide her with oxygen supply immediately. As she was on lower risk, she also instructed me to provide beta blocker after she recovers. However, herein was my weakness as my capability to identify the correct intervention with the minimum symptoms available is very poor. However I need to go through more evidence based studies and reflective journals to improve my on spot capability of identification and delivery of proper interventions. Reference: Ozdag, Y., Didem Suna, Y., Yavuz, B. (2015). An assessment of the awareness of lifestyle changes in patients with hypertension.Fam Med Med Sci Res,4(178), 2. van der Werf, C., Lieve, K. V. (2016). Beta-blockers in the treatment of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.Heart Rhythm,13(2), 441-442.

All the Pretty Horses Gender Roles Defined free essay sample

All the Pretty Horses would be widely considered a fairly typical western in the traditional sense. There are many of the common western tropes that exist explicitly and implicitly within the novel. While much of the idealistic â€Å"western† characteristics appear in a blatant manner, the novel is laced with incidents and dialogue of seemingly little consequence or significance at first glance. There are many occurrences which are overlooked in the story that represent and support a common and major idea that is stated in a more major or explicit form at other times. The role of gender is one such idea. In the early stages of the novel, the conflict which sets the entire story in motion takes place as Cole’s mother has decided to sell the ranch now that his grandfather has died. Cole is distraught over this as the ranch is his desired lot in life. He attempts to talk to the family’s attorney after attempts at persuasion with his mother fail only to reach similar end. We will write a custom essay sample on All the Pretty Horses: Gender Roles Defined or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The reasoning the attorney postulates for his mother’s decision is a minute detail of the scene but brings about an interesting and potentially underlying idea throughout the story. His rationalizes her motives on the basis that, â€Å"she’s a young woman and my guess is that she’s like to have a little more social life than what she’s used to† (McCarthy 17). This determination does not come off as explicitly judgmental but simply a plausibly suggestion for her actions. Upon closer examination however, it proves to be more meaningful. The attorney is asserting Cole’s mother’s social life as a legitimate reason for her to forfeit the ranch her father had built from the ground up and worked so hard for. There is no such concern mentioned for the sixteen year old John Grady whom is interested in not only keeping the ranch, but running it himself. The adolescent stage of life in generally considered the pinnacle of social importance in society as adult relationships begin to form and develop. This is a very biased judgment on the attorney’s part based on a very glaring difference between Cole and his mother which is their gender. Mrs. Cole’s social obligations appear to him as a legitimate reason for her to back out of the hard work, and presumably things considered â€Å"man’s work† necessary to run the ranch which she had inherited. It appears through his acceptance about Cole’s mother and her decision, reaction to Cole’s request, and lack of concern for his social needs that the attorney is convinced of his mother’s inability to run the ranch without much displeasure because of her gender inferiority. There is no question of the ability and willingness to struggle by both Cole and his grandfather but there is a quick dismissal of the lack of drive and ambition to keep the ranch by the female entity. Such a characteristic of women as playing an inferior role to males is shown elsewhere in the novel. Examples of this ideal being maintained in the story came also in more explicit form. One such an example is in an exchange between Rawlins and Blevins as they discuss the riding skills of Cole. Rawlins is fishing for a positive response from Blevins to support his highly held esteem of Cole so asks he poses a clearly untrue and negative statement that, â€Å" suppose I was to tell you heâ€℠¢s never been on a horse a girl couldn’t ride† (McCarthy 58). This assertion is intended to draw a clear reaction to me being false due to the absurdity of a male, let alone the John Grady Cole, be of a lesser ability of riding a horse than a female. The reference to the female gender inferiority in that statement is understood by Blevins despite not being in close relations previously with Rawlins which shows an encompassing ideal that women are inferior to men. The male superiority trope surfaces again later in the novel as Rawlins and Cole come across the ranch which they work for. Rawlins observes the use of female horses as work horses and is surprised by such an act. â€Å"Well†¦ I can see why they’re hard on a horse. Putting up with them bitches† (McCarthy 102). Rawlins is suggesting by his surprise in the use of female horses to perform work as opposed to males that the females are incapable, whatever the species, of performing the tasks and duties that are expected of and within the ability of a male. Along with their inadequacy he also sympathizes with the ranchers having to deal with the less desirable temperament of the females and promotes the subsequent assertion of physical dominance over the ani mals do to their supposed inferior gender. Such dominance would be easy to gain due to the lack of supposed equality between rider and horse as the riders are male and therefore more capable according to the ideology. Gender inadequacy is even given as verbally explicit presence in the eyes of the novel as possible when Alfonsa. Her concern for the relationship between Alejandra and Cole  rests in the unfair but concrete views of society on the morals of women compared to that of men â€Å"There is no forgiveness. For women. A man may lose his honor and regain it again. But a woman cannot. She cannot† (McCarthy 137). Alfonsa’s extremely blunt but realistic views on how people perceive and forgive actions committed by men and women paints a black and white picture of the glaring inadequacy the novel’s ideals carry for gender. Essentially she is saying that males lay above reproach or at least may atone for their sins or supposed sins but females are held to a much harsher standard with a greater punishme nt in that they cannot regain the positive image society has initially placed upon them no matter what action that take to rectify simply because of their sex alone. The implicit and roundabout assertion of the attorney to Cole lay the foundation for a very prominent ideal of the story. Female inferiority to males is illustrated explicitly and has no bounds in terms of the realm of inadequacy or even the species as it appears to be universal. Such flaws of women can’t even be atoned for in the eyes of the story as forgiveness is only available to those fortunate enough to be seen in society as forgivable because of their superiority.

Was the radicals who were to blame for the Peterloo massacre essays

Was the radicals who were to blame for the Peterloo massacre essays It was the radicals who were to blame for the Peterloo massacre? The Peterloo massacre was an unexpected day for everyone who attended the protest that was given by Henry Hunt. On 16 August 1819, a crowd of over 50,000 gathered in St Peter's Fields in Manchester to hear a speech on parliamentary reform by Henry Hunt. The reformers bore two banners, surmounted with caps of liberty, and bearing the inscriptions: "No Corn Laws," "Annual Parliaments," "Universal Suffrage," "Vote by Ballot." Eleven people were killed and around four hundred injured, but what was to come was much unexpected. Many people got injured and killed but the question is who was to blame for the Peterloo massacre? Some people thought that the yeomanries were to blame for the Peterloo massacre because they attacked defenseless people in the middle of town with no warning. Archibald Prentice (eye-witness and friend of Henry Hunt) says ...when a wailing sound was heard from the main street and rushing out I saw people running in the direction of Pendleton, their faces pale as death, and some with blood trickling down their cheeks. From Archibalds statement I believe that the people were innocent and defenseless, they had no right treating them like that, they were not to blame. At first Archibald wasnt sure what was going on in town when he saw the people running in fear. The artist of the picture blames the yeomanry for the Peterloo massacre because the picture shows the soldiers killing innocent people with sabers, the horses tramping them and being shot. Other four hundred were also seriously injured. It also shows a helpless mother on the ground begging for mercy for the soldier to spare her and her childs life. On the stage it shows Henry Hunt and the other reformers holding flags and yelling at the crowd. It gives you the name of the people who were killed and how they died. This inform ...

Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Constitution - Essay Example It has become a fundamental right that is universally recognized by the courts and public alike. Under this presumption, defendants are entitled to a presumption of innocence. Defendants do not have to prove their innocence. The government must establish guilt ‘beyond a reasonable doubt.’ This right and others are outlined in four Amendments, the Fourth which protects against searches and seizures without benefit of a court warrant, in addition to the Fifth, Sixth and Eighth. These aforementioned four Amendments are essential to the U.S. criminal justice system functioning as the framers of the Constitution envisioned it. (Twining v. New Jersey, 1908). The Fifth Amendment guarantees the defendant’s right to ‘due process of law’ and from being subjected to ‘double jeopardy’ or testifying against themselves. Double jeopardy means being put on trial twice for the same offense (U.S. Department of State, 2001). The ‘Miranda Rightsâ€℠¢ are covered by the Fifth Amendment. The Eighth Amendment prohibits courts assessing ‘excessive bail’ and implementing ‘cruel and unusual punishments.’ It is the Sixth Amendment that offers the most protection for citizens. Defendants are guaranteed the right to a ‘speedy trial’ and an ‘impartial jury’ by the Sixth Amendment. ... Today, the courts interpret this Sixth Amendment right to include appointing an attorney for defendants that can’t pay for one. Prior to the Gideon v. Wainwright ruling in 1963, courts had generally understood that legal representation would be appointed in special situations only such as when the defendant was not capable of comprehending the charges brought against them because of a mental deficiency. This was accepted as being fair and just but disregarded the indigent who could not afford legal counsel. Gideon was a compelling affirmation that both groups, those that could not understand the charges and those that did not have the financial means to retain counsel, were at equal disadvantage and that all citizens had a fundamental right to be represented by legal counsel. â€Å"The underpinning of Gideon is the notion that a fair trial requires a balance of power, and to the extent that the government spends money in support of the prosecution, it should also spend money on defense† (Black, 1963). The Bill of Rights does not include specific or even ambiguous instructions regarding victim protections. Interestingly, the Sixth Amendment, which outlines the most important rights for the defendant also addresses rights, of sorts, for the victim. Because this Amendment stipulates that the defendant be â€Å"confronted with the witnesses against him† (â€Å"Bill of Rights†) it allows for victims to confront the person who wronged them. The accused must be able to confront their accuser which cannot happen unless, of course, the victim confronts the accused. Confronting the person who perpetrated the crime is therapeutic for the victim and is a practice that has grown in popularity in recent years. The First Amendment

The Nature of Divorce Law in England and Wales Dissertation

The Nature of Divorce Law in England and Wales - Dissertation Example The paper tells that in England and Wales, only men could openly file for divorce and get the chance of having it implemented. It could only be awarded through acts of their respective parliaments, which made the process very costly and affordable to only men. This implied that the proceedings of a divorce were only instigated by the wealthy men who could afford to pay for the proceedings. For example, in the time of King Henry VIII, he was awarded a divorce through a church court led by the Canterbury Archbishop. At around this time and in the following years, the church courts reserved the rights and powers of dissolving marriages and only favored men in their rulings. The governing bodies that were in charge of divorce before the enactment of the matrimonial act were the courts of Arches along with the Church of England’s cannon law. The law on divorce was not implemented by the common court barristers but by advocates practicing civilian laws thereby adding to the anonymit y of this process. The civilian laws used were faulty and did not guarantee women their required rights in marriage. The issue of divorce was reserved for the rich men who could manage to finance private bills or ensure the enforcement of an annulment process that was very complex to work through. A couple’s marital issues were discussed in public courts with the proceedings being carried out in the common’s house. Lord Aberdeen proposed several bills that would create civilian courts to help in regulating this issue among couples but achieved no success in his efforts. This system was heavily criticized since it gave a wealthy man’s personal issues priority over national matters.3 The bills raised for the purposes of regulating divorce usually achieved stiff resistance from many legislators who perceived the formation of such courts as violations of their church’s power. The matrimonial act was finally put into force on 1 January in the year 1858.4 Devel opment of the Current Divorce Law in England and Wales The first legislation on divorce in England and Wales came about in the year 1857 through the enactment of the act on matrimonial causes. It dealt with the former laws practices of discrimination against women. The act was passed by the country’s parliament and it brought reforms in the areas of divorce where many faults were previously witnessed . This is because the act later shifted the power of instigating a divorce from the church to civilian courts. The act also stipulated that a husband would be granted a divorce against his spouse only if he could prove her adultery.5 It assured wives throughout England and Wales of their ability of achieving a divorce against their husbands. It provided that a woman could prove her husband’s infidelity along with instances of cruelty, incest or desertions during their marriage. The acts fault was that it enabled the creation of marriages that resembled contracts than sacra ments. It also facilitated the occurrences of divorces to the poor people and faulted the previously used laws which did not .6 Divorces in both countries had previously been reserved for the privileged and wealthy people. This act further enabled the creation of a divorce court which dealt with causes of matrimonial problems. It provided these courts with the power of hearing and deciding civilian actions concerning the issue of divorce which were only previously heard in the commons house. 7 The courts were first placed under the supervision of Sir Cresswell who was very successful in establishing their authority, self-esteem along with their efficiencies. These provisions were not present in the past legislations.  

The Importance of Social Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

The Importance of Social Policy - Essay Example Blakemore and Griggs (2007) offer two types of definitions with respect to social policy. One of the definitions given in relation to this concept suggests that social policy is an academic subject in the field of research and study. Social policy is likewise defined as the different sets of policies promulgated in order to have an impact on the ‘real world’ (Blakemore & Griggs, 2007). It is in this regard that the governments, businesses and voluntary organisations tend to promulgate policies that have a significant effect on the families and individuals. In order to understand the concept of social policies, Blakemore and Griggs (2007) deem it of paramount importance to define policies. The other definition given to the term social policy, on the other hand, shows that the principles thereof serve as the guiding ideas that influence the policies promulgated with respect to social welfare, education, health services, etc. The principles that are usually embedded onto the discussion of social policy are as follows: (1) equality, (2) equity, (3) need, (4) freedom and (5) rights (Blakemore & Griggs, 2007). To ensure a better understanding of these principles and the concept of social policy, the researcher deems it of paramount importance to discuss these in relation to what Blakemore & Griggs (2007) have written in relation to the need to take the said principles into consideration. Equality, Equity and Justice. The principle of equality, equity and justice plays an important role in the development of social policies. According to Blakemore and Griggs (2007), social policies have often been perceived as the necessary tools and mechanisms by which a fairer society is created by ensuring the equalization of benefits coming from health, education and other similar services. Needs. Aside from equality, equity and justice, needs are also important principles that must be considered in the development of social policies (Blakemore & Griggs, 2007). In developing the appropriate social policy, Blakemore and Griggs (2007) mention that it is important to ascertain the needs of the people to whom the former is addressed. In addition, to ensure that the goals of social policy are properly met, it is likewise necessary that the policy makers be able to determine which between two groups have greater needs (Blakemore & Griggs, 2007). Freedom and Rights. Finally, Blakemore a nd Griggs (2007) also consider freedom and rights as among the guiding principles of social policy. Verily, these two authors argue that the development of social policies must give paramount consideration to the lives, rights and freedom of the people. Without consideration for these, there is a tendency for the social policy to fail in terms of meeting its goals (Blakemore & Griggs, 2007). Hill, M.J. 2003. Understanding social policy. Wiley-Blackwell, UK. Hill (2003) adopts a previous definition of

Proposal Of Setting Up A Telemarketing Company Marketing Essay

Proposal Of Setting Up A Telemarketing Company Marketing Essay A business plan proposal of setting up a telemarketing company Contents Introduction The telemarketing at the moment is a growing industry with most companies having an annual growth between 8% and 10% (Anything research, 2013). This is due to the fact that the  businesses are  becoming increasingly aware of the need for market information on ongoing basis and the desire to reduce customer turnover rates in the current hard hit economy. It is the mission of  JH Marketing to provide broad  telemarketing consultation which will help companies increase sales volume and provide customer services to our clients in the Ireland at reduced prices. Thus, helping clients to increase revenue and offering them substantial amount of savings on the operational costs of their telemarketing and customer services functions. JH marketing will be based in Karachi, Pakistan where the company will have access to high skilled labour at lower costs. Idea Selection Process As the recession has hit the profits of the businesses more and more companies have been forced to cut down the operational costs and to make the most out of the resources they have. Many big and small companies look to outsource their telemarketing and customer services operations to emerging markets where they can get skilled labour for lower costs and that is the rationale behind selection of the venture. Ideas such as setting up a PR company and advertising agency were considered as well but costs, skilled labour and the competition were the factors of not going ahead with the mentioned options. The other rationale behind selection of this business is the lower start up cost as well, the costs only include office space, computers and the internet connection and the staff with higher English speaking capabilities to handle the queries of the clients from Ireland. Service Description JH Marketing will be adapting low cost strategy for its venture by setting up its operations in Pakistan to minimise its costs and the clients will be given higher level of service as the company will be focusing on low cost, efficiency and innovation as their core strategic competitive advantages (Lawson, 2003). JH Marketing  offers complete and customized telemarketing campaigns and customer services operations. The most common telemarketing campaigns embarked on are for following purposes: Lead Generation Setting appointments Market research Surveys (Political surveys and statistical analysis etc) Subscriptions Business development or Sales Product promotion In order to create greater effect for the clients JH Marketing provide a comprehensive program for them that may include, but not limited to, some of the following services: Classification of Program Objectives and potential. Creation of tailored lists of leads for sales Market research and analysis Training and development of telemarketing agents Script writing for campaigns Conception of follow-up programs for successful calls. The list above is only a partial list of our services as each campaign and project is customised to the needs of the clients and is different and unique in terms of scope, length, customer reach, depth and costs. Competition in the Market The telemarketing and customer services industry is rather fragmented with companies that vary greatly in size, reach, services offered, and market share. Most of the companies are advertising agencies who offer telemarketing services along with other consultative services. Moreover, there are many companies who do not realise the potential of outsourcing, thus, set up their own telemarketing departments. The direct competitors of JH Marketing include all advertising and telemarketing companies and the call centres across Ireland. Whereas, the indirect competitors are all those companies, big or small, who have developed in-house telemarketing departments to handle their operations. JH Marketing, practically, has great threat from big nationwide consulting companies and the large and well established telemarketing agencies in Ireland such as Capita, Intercall and Conduit who hold significant market share. The industry itself is extensively fragmented, where huge numbers of small companies mainly provide services to small and medium sized firms and there are big companies who tend to seek large and extended contracts with the large companies which make this industry highly intense. With our strategy of greater service at lower cost and having office set up in Pakistan we will be able to offer lower costs to the companies and through our low cost strategy (Greater service at lower cost) we intend to avoid such  a debilitating market competition as price and scope are important reasons for accepting contracts, especially if the company is small or new. Industry Analysis JH Marketing Professionals business strategy is to  offer greater service at lower cost but our company does not intend to be a call centre only,  nor will it  ever become one as we are a consulting firm which will design the marketing and telesales campaigns for its clients and will also execute them to provide the cost advantage to the clients. These services  are  where we can offer a higher standard of quality to our clients. This will allow us minimise the costs, thus higher profit. Rivalry among different telemarketing agencies as stated before is greater and the market is fragmented but the industry as a  whole is  mature with long-term moderate growth with higher number of established companies. The fact that there are so many diverse or general telemarketing agencies; it makes this an aggressive industry. The threat of clients backwardly integrating so as to have their sales and customer services done in-house is one of the major factors used by buyers to indirectly control price in this industry, and increase competition. This must always be foremost in the minds of JH Marketing management when offering services and setting prices. The key advantage for JH Marketing is that they will have access to staff at low costs as compared to their competition which will help them to offer low prices than their competition as the difference between wage in Pakistan and Ireland is huge i.e Average wage per annum in Ireland is à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬35k (Central statics off ice, 2013) whereas, in Pakistan is à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬7k a year (Payscale, 2013). Human Resource Management Plan The company will have two officers: CEO Mr. Jihad Habib and Director, who will be highly skilled with many industry relations to help the company attract clients. We will also hire  an office manager, and 5 staff to do cold calls. The company plans to hire additional consultants and administrative personnel as we begin to get large numbers of contracts. To start off with JH Marketing will need 5 staff to do cold calls to the business in Ireland. As the business does not require highly skilled labour so the recruitment and selection of the staff will depend on the proficiency in English speaking and understanding and some background in sales and marketing. However, people with no sales experience could also be recruited and trained as per the campaign requirement, provided that they have grasp over the language. Operations Plan The CEO, Mr. Jihad Habib will personally schedule meetings and presentations with the perspective clients to sale them the idea of outsourcing their telesales and customer service operations. As per the clients requirement the staff will be taken on board and trained to make outbound calls and handle the inbound customer service calls. As discussed earlier in the plan companies who are new to the market find it hard to attract the clients and to give them the confidence to outsource, for this reason JH Marketing will need the help from an experienced professional (Director JH Marketing) who have experience of convincing the clients to outsource and has great industry connections as well. As per the requirements of the clients and volume of the business the staff will be recruited and trained to start off operating from the Karachi office. As discussed earlier, for the operations the company will need an office space, computers and the VOIP (Voice over internet phone) Software to start calling the customers in Ireland to sell the clients products and services. Marketing plan In order to attract clients, JH Marketing will begin to contact promising organizations and offer free initial consultations, and initial contracts at reduced  prices. These promotions will allow us to begin to make our reputation within the market. In addition, Mr. Jihad Habib and the Director will be travelling to different parts of Ireland during the first year of operations where we will have booths to advertise our services. Finally we will be setting up cold calls to potential companies and have half- and full-page advertisements in various  publications catering to  local businesses and organizations. JH Marketing will be focusing on cost leadership strategy to win the contracts and will be paying greater attentions to quality of the services as well to reiterate the mission of the company, Greater quality at lower prices. Mr. Jihad has been actively seeking to acquire a large contract with Resource International Consulting Ireland over the past 2 months. This company is the largest recruitment and tax solution company which deals with UK freelance contractors and provides them tax advice and recruitment services over the telephone and internet. JH Marketing believes that its chances  of acquiring this contract are excellent. Location Plan JH Marketing will have its office situated at Karachi, Pakistan for the sole reason of having access to quality labour at cheaper prices to main the low cost strategy of greater service at lower prices. As all the transactions will take place over the phone so location in itself does not have any advantages or disadvantages associated to it for the clients but it will play a vital role for the growth of JH Marketing.

Shakespeares The Winters Tale :: Shakespeare Winters Tale Essays

The Characters of Hermione, Perdita, and Paulina in The Winters Tale  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although Hermione is one of the main characters, we see very little of her in the play. She is horribly betrayed by her husband, but we never really see her feelings on the subject. In many other plays, Shakespeare uses asides and soliloquies to give insight into the characters mind. Hermione must be having complex and very troubling thoughts, but we never see them. Hermione is in Act I Scene ii where she plays the perfect royal hostess. In Act I Scene iii, she is accused of adultery with Polixenes by Leontes and taken to prison. She is not seen agian until Act III Scene ii, where she stands trial for her treason. Immediately after this scene, she dies, or appears to die, offstage. The audience is given no indication that she is still alive until Act V Scene iii, where the statue becomes flesh. Hermione is portrayed as an innocent victim throughout the play. When her husband fist becomes jealous, she is puzzled by his behavior and wonders if affairs of state are bothering him. Her lack of knowledge about his jealousy gives credit to her plea of innocence. She had obviously never been an unfaithful wife, therefore she had no reason to worry that her husband would suspect her. Polixenes flees in fear of death, but he leaves Hermione behind. If she had known that she was guilty and was facing punishment, she could have left with Polixenes. When she comes back to life as a statue, she says that she has preserved herself in the chance occurance that Perdita was alive. The audience is never given any further explaination, so we cannot conclude that she even saved herself in an illegal or false fashion. The character of Perdita is a wonderful study in the sociological theories of nature versus nurture. She leaves the royal court when she is only days old and is raised by and old shepherd and his son, the Clown. Although the family found a great deal of money when they found the baby, the upbringing she recieved could not have been equal to a traditional royal upbringing. Nevertheless, Perdita seems to be endowed from birth with a royal manner. She has been crowned Queen of the sheep-shearing feast when we first see her again, and she has won the deep love of a prince.

Twilight vs Trueblood

The point of this essay is to show the many similarities and differences of Twilight and True Blood. Vampires, how many different stories have you heard about these creatures. Do movies and Television shows differentiate on these creatures? In this essay I will be discuss only two of these vampires, Edward Cullen and Bill Compton. While they are both vampires and share some similarities, most of the story line of these two stories is completely different. From a human drinking vampire who has bottles of True Blood, to a vegan vampire who only consumes animal blood.Then I will discuss the way that both of the characters, as vampires, die. Finally I will bring up some common myths that these two charters have proven incorrect. This will prove that no two stories about vampires are exactly the same. Are you aware of the many similarities and differences of Twilight and True Blood? What sets them apart? Are they alike? If so what do these two have in common? In this essay we will look at the differences of these two vampire movies and what the two have in common and discover what it is that makes these two things different.And what do these two have in common Note: This essay will explore the movie film and television versions of these two stories that are based on books by Stephanie Meyer and Charmaine Harris. There could be differences between the written material and their screen adaptations. Twilight is based on a vampire named Edward Cullen that tries to keep from killing or drinking from humans and ends up falling in love with a girl called Bella Swan at the high school where he is trying to pass himself off as a teenager.There are three main things that set Edward and his family apart from other vampires. These make the vampires of these stories different. The three things are that he has a coven that stays awake during the day, he is fine with sunlight exposure, and did I mention that he is a vegan. Edward Cullen is in a coven also called the tribunal. This is what governs the decisions for Edward and his family of vampires. The coven can control the rules over all the vampire including Edward and his family.Some of those rules are; that’s enforced are no problems with the exposure to direct sunlight, no biting or drinking of any kind of humans and only kill the animals you eat once a month. Edward and his family differ also because of the different powers that they all possess. Edward has the power to read people’s minds, his sister Alice can see the future and jasper can control emotions. These are only three of the family members; there are nine in his family. When Edward or any of his family members are exposed to the sun, they do not react the same way as other stories portray.Most of the time a vampire will burst in to gigantic flames killing themselves in a slow painful death. These vampires however do something else instead. When Edward or a family member goes out in the sunlight, they do not immediately burst in to flames, their skin is different. The skin of Edward or his family members instead looks like it is made out of thousands of diamonds. Edward and his family do not drink from humans, making them vegans. Instead they drink from the blood of animals such as cougars, bears, and deer’s.Edward and his family do not want to kill; this is what sets them apart from other vampires in this story. In the story vegans are considered traitors to the other vampires. The reason for why Edward and his family are vegan’s, is because he and his family have made a peace treaty with the werewolves who live on the same land. True Blood is based on vampires who have â€Å"came out of the closet† and gone public with society and now live amongst us known. Because of the public knowledge of their existence, they were able to manufacture True Blood, a diet supplement of blood in bottles.This could be purchased at any store or bars across the US. While true blood is acceptable, vampir es truly like human blood still. This essay is about one of the vampires in general, Bill Compton. He is one of the main characters in the first and second season. He too had a government, but it was much more royal than that of Edwards. A king and queen of the vampires had a chain of command with sheriff that had borders of land to maintain. He also differed from Edward in the risks of death, as they are more common to most vampire stories.He unlike Edward and his family drank or at the very least tried to drink the True Blood. He does not like the notion of killing so instead drinks true blood. This is a synthetic blood, which is a form of blood that’s porous was to be a replacement for the blood of humans. Bill is on this diet of this fake blood. The True Blood universe unlike that of twilight is much more diverse as there are vampires, witches, shape shifters, werewolves, were panthers and even fairies, and other magical beings that live in this world. In Twilight, there' s only werewolves and vampires.Like most of the stories you hear about vampires there is risk in his death if bill goes out into the sun he will burn. Another thing that is different from the vampires in twilight is that they can be hurt by silver this is something new as this is normally found in the stories that tell of werewolf lore and not that of vampire. So in conclusion to this these are the similarities and differences of Twilight and True Blood. True Blood is the in a way the adult version of Twilight there is a lot more things in true blood that are meant for a more mature audience then twilight.There's a lot of violence and sex in True Blood. Twilight is pretty chaste and tame with the sensuality, but there is plenty of violence, though not as gory as that one might find in True Blood. True Blood tends to go more to the horror side; Twilight goes more to the fantasy side. The True Blood universe is much more diverse. There's vampires, witches, shape shifters, werewolves, were panthers and even fairies. As far as charters go one of True Blood‘s best characters is Lafayette. He is a classic, sassy gay male that died in the book. ow that you can tell them apart you can now go and compare these to other different vampire horror movies and see what sets these apart from others of our time. There are two main vampires Edward Cullen and Bill Compton. These two vampires have many differences a as they do have some similarities. They both drink blood but have different lifestyle choses. They both can die, however in different ways. As always there will be myths and urban legends about vampires. From feeding habits and sleeping habits theses are only some of the many myths that are out there that I have chosen to write about.

Free Essays on Leadership Secrets Of Attlia The Hun

â€Å"Leadership Secrets of Attila the hun† The book â€Å"Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun,† is about a man name Attila who centuries ago turned groups of tribal nomads into one of the greatest fighting nation of the ancient world. He achieved all this by utilizing his win-directed, take-charge leadership skills. Throughout the book Attila the Hun shares 16 secrets to his chieftains he learned within his life to better manage and lead their tribe of warriors. Even though Attila and his theories on leadership are from the prehistoric time they still hold strong relevance in modern day management and leadership. In this book report I will further explore how a few of Attila secrets may or may not apply in the today’s broadcasting workplace. Attila (406-53 AD) was a member of the ruling family of the Huns, a barbaric nation of loosely bound tribes in perpetual migration. At the young age of 12 years old he was sent to Rome and held hostage in the Roman court. There he gained much knowledge of Roman polices and military which helped mold him in to the leader he became. Being held captive there he developed a strong hatred for Rome that fueled his later ambitions to conquer the world and ultimately overthrow Rome. A short time after returning to his tribe he became king of the Huns and began creating a nation with a common goal, to conquer the world. By 451 AD Attila’s Hunnish army of barbarians consisted of 700,000 warriors ready to take on Rome. Unfortunately when the time came, Attila had to retreat because the barbarians, who where unskilled in infantry tactics, were not going to be able to defeat Rome. Attila soon turned all his energy and great leadership skills to make the necessary changes in his military to ensure that next they will conquer Rome. The Huns returned to Rome â€Å"not as blundering savages but as well-equipped and –disciplined army skillful in the execution of military movement,†(Roberts 9). ... Free Essays on Leadership Secrets Of Attlia The Hun Free Essays on Leadership Secrets Of Attlia The Hun â€Å"Leadership Secrets of Attila the hun† The book â€Å"Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun,† is about a man name Attila who centuries ago turned groups of tribal nomads into one of the greatest fighting nation of the ancient world. He achieved all this by utilizing his win-directed, take-charge leadership skills. Throughout the book Attila the Hun shares 16 secrets to his chieftains he learned within his life to better manage and lead their tribe of warriors. Even though Attila and his theories on leadership are from the prehistoric time they still hold strong relevance in modern day management and leadership. In this book report I will further explore how a few of Attila secrets may or may not apply in the today’s broadcasting workplace. Attila (406-53 AD) was a member of the ruling family of the Huns, a barbaric nation of loosely bound tribes in perpetual migration. At the young age of 12 years old he was sent to Rome and held hostage in the Roman court. There he gained much knowledge of Roman polices and military which helped mold him in to the leader he became. Being held captive there he developed a strong hatred for Rome that fueled his later ambitions to conquer the world and ultimately overthrow Rome. A short time after returning to his tribe he became king of the Huns and began creating a nation with a common goal, to conquer the world. By 451 AD Attila’s Hunnish army of barbarians consisted of 700,000 warriors ready to take on Rome. Unfortunately when the time came, Attila had to retreat because the barbarians, who where unskilled in infantry tactics, were not going to be able to defeat Rome. Attila soon turned all his energy and great leadership skills to make the necessary changes in his military to ensure that next they will conquer Rome. The Huns returned to Rome â€Å"not as blundering savages but as well-equipped and –disciplined army skillful in the execution of military movement,†(Roberts 9). ...

Birth of a Nation essays

Birth of a Nation essays D. W. Griffiths epic tale told in Birth of a Nation was a shocking one. The movie set box office records, taking in over eighteen million dollars. When it was released, it was one of the longest films ever made, over three hours in length. Some film scholars say that it is the most important film ever released. But despite all of these records and achievements, the story and the way that blacks of the South were depicted haunted blacks for decades to come. Showing the black man as a sexual predator to white females was inviting the South commence with wide-scale lynchings of innocent black men. If a black man looked the wrong way at a white woman, then he could be lynched without a thought of justice. This film advanced the suspicion and contributed to the practice of Jim Crow in the South. Most shockingly, I discovered that the film is still used by the Ku Klux Klan today for recruitment purposes. The portrayal of the KKK in Birth of a Nation was one of heroes, instead of marauding racists. This appealed to white Americans views of the mythic South, and helped to boost membership in the KKK. Griffith later released a version of the movie without the KKK, but the damage had already been done. Of course, the NAACP attacked the film, and it was met with picketing upon its release. The raising of the KKK as heroes while portraying black men as sexual predators was sickening, and it is amazing to me that the movie is praised as it is. Though the portrayal of both blacks and the KKK were extremely off track, the movie itself was an amazing work of cinema for its time. This was probably the first movie to use hundreds of extra in a battle scene. These scenes were well crafted by the filmmaker, and while not to the perfection of more modern films such as Braveheart, the technology and genius that the filmmaker used rival such films. To think that the movie was released only f...

Politics of Ancient Greece Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Politics of Ancient Greece - Term Paper Example Such situation was highly untypical for the rest of contemporary societies that mostly relied on the tribal principle. The core factor that could be held responsible for the fragmentation of ancient Greece into numerous city-states was the country's geography, namely numerous mountains, hills and rivers that served as natural barriers between the regions. Despite self-identification as 'one people' the poleis fiercely defended their independent status and almost never considered the option of unification. Therefore, the political system of Ancient Greece had at least two specific characteristics that distinguished it from the rest of contemporary political systems: Furthermore, even small city-states that could not compete with their larger neighbors were rarely conquered or ruled directly another polis. Instead the common practice in Ancient Greece was grouping of poleis into confederations or leagues, members of which constantly changed. In the Classical Period (5th and 4th centuries BC), these leagues became larger and fewer with one powerful polis being the dominant member. Athens, Sparta and Thebes were the three poleis that played the key roles in respective leagues. Prior to the birth of democracy in Athens, the poleis we... Rapid development of trade followed by the emergence of a middle class by the 6th century BC led to transformation of the traditional aristocratic rule. In some poleis such as Corinth the middle class revolted, overthrew the rule of aristocracy and replaced it with the dictators (tyrants). However, the rule of the tyrants was highly unstable because the aristocracy desperately wanted to regain control and used any methods in doing so (Rhodes, 2006, p.256-257). In other poleis, the process of transformation was more peaceful because the ruling class reasonably admitted the power of middle classes and included their representatives into the ruling council. This type of government successfully existed in Sparta and became known as oligarchy, or 'rule by the few'. Athens also fell under a tyranny in the second half of the 6th century, but already in the 5th century BC the polis managed to establish the first democratic system or 'rule by the people'. Athens was described as having the most innovative and sophisticated democracy among all political structures that existed at that time and had democratic features (Dahl, 1989). Political ideals and aims of the classical Athenian democracy were expressed by the outstanding Greek philosopher Aristotle in The Politics dated between 335 and 323 BC. Aristotle identified liberty as one of the founding principles of the classical democratic constitution. The philosopher argues that liberty has two major aspects, namely: 1) ruling and being ruled in turn; 2) living as one chooses (Aristotle, 1984) The ideals of Athenian democracy - equality among citizens, liberty, and respect for the law and justice - have had great influence in the Western political thought, "although there are some central ideas, for

Behavior Modification Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Behavior Modification - Assignment Example Action stage is that when an individual embraces new behavior for a period of 3-6 months. This is followed by the maintenance stage during which an individual continuous commitment to sustain the new behavior. The last stage is the relapse when an individual tend to have a resumption of old behaviors. Have continued to recall information have read and heard from different sources about the importance of conserving our environment. Even though it has been had to take an initiative as an individual, I have been able to resolve that I will react emotionally to the warnings of environmental protection. I have considered environmental protection as an important aspect of livelihood of mankind. I consider environmental conversation as a means of changing ways that make the entire kingdom of living things happy. Environmental protection enables the sustainability of the life from one generation to the other. As such I have resolved to save my little resources and place them with the agencies that work towards environmental protection. I have mobilized my classmates and other friends who have agreed to work with me towards the same goal. I have found that creating awareness on environmental protection is a productive way of sp=ending my free time outside school. I develop the sense of self satisfaction when I participate in environmental conservation. Environmental conservation helps in protection of property’s value through enabling the restrictions on land use and development. This helps in putting land into proper use thereby enhancing land productivity. This in turn enhances food security for both man and animals on the both short and long run. Environmental conservation enables the protection of water sheds that help in the provision of water supply for agricultural and domestic use (Bethesda, 2008). The resolve for social health change through environmental conservation has encouraged many people

Marriage and Psychological Well Being Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marriage and Psychological Well Being - Essay Example A substantial survey carried out by Stack and Eshelman measuring marital status and happiness across 17 nations using a sample of 18,000 adults concluded that married couples were more likely to report being happy than those who cohabited.(Less,2007;Stack and Eshelman, "Marital Status and Happiness: A17-Nation Study.") There are many resons offered for the claim of being more happiness between married couples compared to other couples. One of them claims that married people are generally healthier than unmarried people and those who are healthier are likely to be happier.(Wu et al,2003) Other explanations include greater commitment levels within marriage, which in turn have an effect on people's perception that the relationship will last. Another consequence of the perception of greater commitment is that there tends to be lower levels of stress and higher levels of security among married couples, and, therefore,better psychological well-being.(Less,2007;Marcussen) A further explanation is that the greater financial stabil... A further explanation is that the greater financial stability within marriage, associated with the higher income of married men, leads to lower levels of stress, and higher levels of well-being and relationship quality.(Lees,2007; S. Korenman and D. Neumark,1991) Increased sexual satisfaction has also been offered as an explanation because studies show that married couples rate their sex lives more satisfying, on average, than do those involved in cohabiting relationships.(Less,2007;Ower and Oswald,2006) Role of marriage in youths mental health Marriage is a natural, ocular and inevitable need for human beings and as the above researches shows, it is the most safe and healthy method for males and females to live together. Refusal of this need causes a lot of physical and mental problems and perhaps, one of the reasons of huge part of stress and neural pressures in human life nowadays is the latency in time of the marriage. Boys and girls, on the ascent and descent of their life, are in need for a safe environment and a sentimental base and the best person that can secure this base is a consort/helpmate. They can have safety, security and mental health together. Around 1400 years ago, muslims prophet (prophet Muhammad ) also said : " Help unmarried people marry because God makes their comportment better in that case" and today, after alot of research by psychologists and sociologists, the same result has came through. They say that marriage is in a positive relation to mental health. Researches shows that married people are in much better mental health situation than other people. Less neurotic signs has been seen among

Homeless And Public Policy Essay Example for Free

Homeless And Public Policy Essay Homeless   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In any types of society, be it large or small scale, numerous problems can be experienced by the social elements building the public unit. In the case of Lakeland, Florida, there are now a great number of homeless individuals because of certain social and economic conditions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Primarily, the main losers in this social problem are the individuals who are homeless. The homeless people tend to be the losers since they will not have much opportunity to improve their lives in the absence of a home. People in the neighborhood can also become the losers since some of them feel anxious about their security in the presence of homeless people in the streets of their community. In a positive perspective, the homeless people can also be considered as the primary gainers. These individuals in Lakeland can expect to have a warm compassionate reaction from its neighborhoods (Inside Lakeland, 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is a significant direct cost of having homeless people lurking in Lakeland. For one, damage to private and public properties may be involved in the complete manipulation by homeless individuals of the current infrastructure where they want to dwell in. Another is the possibility of garbage amount increase in the area because of improper disposal processes. The indirect cost on the other hand can be realized in the form of lesser external investments due to the visual and probably perceptive impression of investors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The primary attributed factor which brings homelessness rates in Lakeland relatively high is somehow pointed out to personal concerns of individuals.   Alcoholism, drug use, mental health issues and unemployment are among the top issues. Thus, not being able to resolve these problems leads to homeless situations for people with such dilemmas in life.   References Inside Lakeland PD. 2007. Policing the Homeless in Lakeland. Retrieved November 29, 2007 from http://www.insidelakelandpd.org/2007/06/policing_the_ho.html.

Comparing Patricia MacLachlan and Laura Ingalls Wilder :: Compare Contrast Comparison

Comparing Patricia MacLachlan and Laura Ingalls Wilder Comparing Patricia MacLachlan and Laura Ingalls Wilder is not an easy task. Both writers have excelled in their writing and their books are completely different. The way Sarah, Plain and Tall and The Little House Series depict realism, details, and time frame sets them apart from each other. I also chose these two authors because both Sarah and Little House are set in the 19th century. The topics are also very similar. I am comparing their differences in realism, amount of detail, and time frame of story. Wilder’s Little House series would be considered realistic fiction while Sarah is just fiction. The reason is because Wilder used her own childhood experiences growing up on the plains and during the nineteenth century and expanded on them to create the series. MacLachlan did not grow up in the nineteenth century but in the twentieth so much of her story comes from research and creativity. It is easy to understand this from the reading. Wilder writes: â€Å"Each of them had a tin plate, and a steel knife and a steel fork with white bone handles.† This is what families had during the trip on the plains. This is the realism in Little House that is not seen in Sarah. My next comparison is the difference in amount of detail. Wilder uses more explanatory detail in her series. She re-accounts everything from her younger days as a child on the plains with her parents to how to build a roof. â€Å"Pa reached down and pulled up a slab. He laid it across the ends of the sapling rafters. Its edges stuck out beyond the wall. Then Pa put some nails in his mouth and took his hammer out of his belt, and began to nail the slab to the rafters.† In this quote we see the amount of detail and explanation by Wilder. In Sarah, the reader knows the family fixed the roof but does not learn how it is done. â€Å"I am fast and I am good said,† said Sarah. And they climbed the ladder to the roof, Sarah with wisps of hair around her face, her mouth full of nails, overalls like Papa’s.† In this quote we see that it is the emotional detail. Readers see more of this in Sarah. MacLachlan writes on how Sarah misses the sea and her brother and how sh e wanted to prove her ability by helping with the roof.

Multimedia The Wide Spectrum Essay -- Essays Papers

Multimedia The Wide Spectrum In this paper, I will endeavor to provide you with a basic overview as to what multimedia consists of. I will also delve into the visual aspect in the wide spectrum of multimedia to show what it consists of and for a better understanding as to how it fits in. Multimedia first began with games but Web pages, interactive courses, and catalogs with sound and video have now dominated the stage. Not long ago, the term â€Å"multimedia† referred to a room full of slide projectors, tape decks, and movie projectors. Multimedia presentations were hard to put together and even harder to run. Many of them took weeks of preparation and they were then shown only once (Curtin 217). The computer has changed all of that. With multimedia, it is easier to stitch together the various elements and, once finished, the multimedia presentation is available to be shown over and over again. Multimedia is widely used in the entertainment and education fields. For entertainment, you can play computer games that seem almost alive with sound and motion. In education, interactive multimedia programs allow you to study and progress at you own pace and branch into areas of interest when you want to. You can even be a multimedia developer simply by using traditional office applications. Sounds and videos can be embedded in spreadsheet or word processor documents so when recipients click an image or click an icon they get and explanation of key points. Multimedia has entered and clung to the mainstream because of its attention-holding capabilities and effectiveness. It is used everywhere from business presentations to museum exhibits. Holiday Inn, for instance, uses it to train employees. When they click on topics, the system â€Å"talks† to them. It has reduced training time on a new property management system from 14 to 6 days (Curtin 218). Though history, and over recent years, various media have been developed that inform or entertain: paintings, books, magazines, newspapers, movies, radio, and photography ("Multimedia"). Using computers, multimedia fuses two or more of these media together on the premise that the combination is better than any of the individual components. Hence the term â€Å"multi† media. Multimedia can be used for entertainment, corporate presentations, sales presentations, education, training, kiosks, digital publi... ...oth. When done as a series of steps, an animation shows the girl growing old. To make morphing realistic, certain areas of the image, such as the eyes, must be overlapped on the first and last images and locked into place. This way, other parts of the image seen to transform around these fixed points (Curtin 223). Works Cited Curtin, Dennis P., et al. Information Technology: The Breaking Wave. Boston: The McGraw-Hill Companies, 1998. Geiken, C. â€Å"Multimedia Design for the World Wide Web.† NCSA. 17 Dec. 1998. 1 Dec. 1999 http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/General/Training/AdvHTML/multimedia.design.html. Hajicek, Donald J. Design Post. 1 Dec. 1999 http://www.designpost.com/defaultflash.htm. â€Å"Integrated Services Digital Network.† Bell Atlantic. 1999. 3 Dec. 1999 http://www.bell-atl.com/federal/html/isdn.htm. â€Å"Multimedia.† PC Webopaedia. 1998. 2 Dec. 1999 http://webopedia.internet.com/TERM/m/multimedia.html. â€Å"Partial Project List.† Platinum Pictures Multimedia, Inc. 1999. 4 Dec. 1999 http://www.3dcafe.com/ppm/projects.htm. â€Å"Platinum’s 3D Art Gallery.† Platinum Pictures Multimedia, Inc. 1999. 4 Dec. 1999 http://www.3dcafe.com/ppm/gallery.htm.

Protective Equipment Is to Reduce Employee Exposure to Hazards Essay

Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products.[1] Slower oxidative processes like rustingor digestion are not included by this definition. The flame is the visible portion of the fire. If hot enough, the gases may become ionized to produce plasma.[2] Depending on the substances alight, and any impurities outside, the colorof the flame and the fire’s intensity will be different. Fire in its most common form can result in conflagration, which has the potential to cause physical damage through burning. Fire is an important process that affects ecological systems across the globe. The positive effects of fire include stimulating growth and maintaining various ecological systems. Fire has been used by humans for cooking, generating heat, signaling, and propulsion purposes. The negative effects of fire include water contamination, soil erosion, atmospheric pollution and hazard to human and animal life.[3] | Fire Technology is a peer-reviewed academic journal publishing scientific research dealing with the full range of actual, possible, and potential fire hazards facing humans and the environment.[1] It publishes original contributions, both theoretical and empirical, that contribute to the solution of problems in fire safety and related fields. It is published bySpringer in conjunction with the National Fire Protection Association.[2] Arson[1] is the crime of intentionally and maliciously setting fire to buildings, wildlandareas,[2] cars[3][4] or other property with the intent to cause damage. It may be distinguished from other causes such as spontaneous combustion and natural wildfires. Arson often involves fires deliberately set to the property of another or to one’s own property as to collect insurance compensation.[5] Heat In physics and chemistry, heat is energy transferred from one body to another by thermal interactions.[1][2] The transfer of energy can occur in a variety of ways, among them conduction,[3] radiation,[4] and convection. Heat is not a property of a system or body, but instead is always associated with a process of some kind, and is synonymous with heat flow and heat transfer. Heat flow from hotter to colder systems occurs spontaneously, and is always accompanied by an increase in entropy. In a heat engine, internal energy of bodies is harnessed to provide useful work. The second law of thermodynamicsprohibits heat flow directly from cold to hot systems, but with the aid of a heat pump external work can be used to transport internal energy indirectly from a cold to a hot body. Transfers of energy as heat are macroscopic processes. The origin and properties of heat can be understood through the statistical mechanics of microscopic constituents such as molecules and photons. For instance, heat flow can occur when the rapidly vibrating molecules in a high temperature body transfer some of their energy (by direct contact, radiation exchange, or other mechanisms) to the more slowly vibrating molecules in a lower temperature body. Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8. Its name derives from the Greek roots á ½â‚¬ÃŽ ¾Ã Ãâ€š (oxys) (â€Å"acid†, literally â€Å"sharp†, referring to the sour taste ofacids) and -ÃŽ ³ÃÅ'ÃŽ ½ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š (-gÃŽ ¿nos) (â€Å"producer†, literally â€Å"begetter†), because at the time of naming, it was mistakenly thought that all acids required oxygen in their composition. Atstandard temperature and pressure, two atoms of the element bind to form dioxygen, a colorless, odorless, tasteless diatomic gas with the formula O2. This substance is an important part of the atmosphere, and is necessary to sustain most terrestrial life. A fire extinguisher, flame extinguisher, or simply an extinguisher, is an active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small fires, often in emergency situations. It is not intended for use on an out-of-control fire, such as one which has reached the ceiling, endangers the user (i.e., no escape route, smoke, explosion hazard, etc.), or otherwise requires the expertise of a fire department. Typically, a fire extinguisher consists of a hand-held cylindrical pressure vessel containing an agent which can be discharged to extinguish afire. Fire prevention is a function of many fire departments. The goal of fire prevention is to educate the public to take precautions to prevent potentially harmful fires, and be educated about surviving them. It is a proactive method of reducing emergencies and thedamage caused by them. Many fire departments have a Fire Prevention Officer.In the general sense of preventing harmful fires, many aspects are discussed in the articles Fire protect ion and Fire safety. Wildfire suppression refers to the firefighting tactics used to suppress wildfires. Firefighting efforts inwildland areas requires different techniques, equipment, and training from the more familiar structure firefighting found in populated areas. Working in conjunction with specially designed firefighting aircraft, these wildfire-trained crews suppress flames, construct firelines, and extinguish flames and areas of heat to protect resources and natural wilderness. Wildfire suppression also addresses the issues of the wildland-urban interface, where populated areas border with wildland areas. Firewall may refer to: * Firewall (construction), a barrier inside a building or vehicle, designed to limit the spread of fire, heat and structural collapse * Firewall (automobile), the part of the vehicle that separates the engine from the driver and passengers * Firewall (computing), a technological barrier designed to prevent unauthorized or unwanted communications between computer networks or hosts * Firewall (Physics), a blast of Hawking Radiation seen by a freely falling observer upon crossing the horizon of a black hole. Firetrap firetrap is a British clothing company, founded in 1991,[1] specialising in premium menswear and accessories. It is the main brand within the WDT company (World Design and Trade), which also owns its sister brand Fullcircle along with previous brands SC51 and Sonnetti. Firetrap is firmly established internationally and is sold in more than 30 countries[2] and 1,500 stores worldwide. There are eight stand-alone stores in the UK: a Covent Garden store in London and others in Belfast, Liverpool, Leeds, EdinburghWestfield[disambiguation needed], Sheffield & Nottingham (2010).[3] The brand is a key player worldwide with a new store in Dubai and concessions throughout Europe including Italy, Germany and France. Conflagration A conflagration or a blaze is an uncontrolled burning that threatens human life, animal life, health, or property. A conflagration can be accidentally begun, naturally caused (wildfire), or intentionally created (arson). Arson can be accomplished for the purpose of sabotage or diversion, and also can be the consequence of pyromania. During conflagration the property is damaged or destroyed by fire. Sometimes the conflagration produces a firestorm, in which the central column of rising heated air induces strong inward winds, which supply oxygen to the fire. Conflagrations can result in casualties, deaths, or injuries from smoke inhalation orburns. Combustion Combustion (pron.: /kÉ™mˈbÊÅ's.tÊÆ'É™n/) or burning is the sequence of exothermic chemical reactions between a fuel and an oxidant accompanied by the production of heat and conversion of chemical species. The release of heat can produce light in the form of either glowing or aflame. Fuels of interest often include organic compounds (especially hydrocarbons) in the gas,liquid or solid phase. In a complete combustion reaction, a compound reacts with an oxidizing element, such asoxygen or fluorine, and the products are compounds of each element in the fuel with the oxidizing element. For example: CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O + energy A simple example can be seen in the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen, which is a commonly used reaction in rocket engines: 2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O(g) + heat The result is water vapor. Complete combustion is almost impossible to achieve. In reality, as actual combustion reactions come to equilibrium, a wide variety of major and minor species will be present such as carbon monoxide and pure carbon (soot or ash). Additionally, any combustion in atmospheric air, which is 79 percent nitrogen, will also create several forms of nitrogen oxides. Fire point The fire point of a fuel is the temperature at which it will continue to burn for at least 5 seconds after ignition by an open flame. At theflash point, a lower temperature, a substance will ignite briefly, but vapor might not be produced at a rate to sustain the fire. Most tables of material properties will only list material flash points, but in general the fire points can be assumed to be about 10  °C higher than the flash points. However, this is no substitute for testing if the fire point is safety critical. Degree Celsius Celsius, also known as centigrade,[1] is a scale and unit of measurement for temperature. It is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701–1744), who developed a similar temperature scale. The degree Celsius ( °C) can refer to a specific temperature on the Celsius scale as well as a unit to indicate a temperature interval, a difference between two temperatures or anuncertainty. The unit was known until 1948 as â€Å"centigrade† from the Latin centum translated as 100 and gradus translated as â€Å"steps† From 1743 until 1954, 0  °C was defined as the freezing point of water and 100  °C was defined as the boiling point of water, both at a pressure of one standard atmosphere with mercury being the working material. Although these defining correlations are commonly taught in schools today, by international agreement the unit â€Å"degree Celsius† and the Celsius scale are currently defined by two different temperatures: absolute zero, and t he triple point of VSMOW (specially purified water). This definition also precisely relates the Celsius scale to the Kelvin scale, which defines the SI base unit ofthermodynamic temperature with symbol K. Absolute zero, the lowest temperature possible at which matter reaches minimum entropy, is defined as being precisely 0 K and −273.15  °C. The temperature of the triple point of water is defined as precisely 273.16 K and 0.01  °C. This definition fixes the magnitude of both the degree Celsius and the kelvin as precisely 1 part in 273.16 (approximately 0.00366) of the difference between absolute zero and the triple point of water. Thus, it sets the magnitude of one degree Celsius and that of one kelvin as exactly the same. Additionally, it establishes the difference between the two scales’ null points as being precisely 273.15 degrees Celsius (−273.15  °C = 0 K and 0  °C = 273.15 K).[3] Fahrenheit Fahrenheit (symbol  °F) is a temperature scale based on one proposed in 1724 by, and named after, the physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736).[1] Within this scale, the freezing of water into ice is defined at 32 degrees, while the boiling point of water is defined to be 212 degrees – on Fahrenheit’s original scale the freezing point of brine was zero degrees. The Fahrenheit scale was replaced by the Celsius scale in most countries during the mid to late 20th century, though Canada retains it as a supplementary scale that can be used alongside Celsius.[2][3][4][5] Fahrenheit remains the official scale of the United States,Cayman Islands, Palau, Bahamas and Belize.[6] The Rankine temperature scale was based upon the Fahrenheit temperature scale, with its zero representing absolute zero instead. Personal protective equipment Personal protective equipment (PPE) refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or equipment designed to protect the wearer’s body from injury. The hazards addressed by protective equipment include physical, electrical, heat, chemicals, biohazards, and airborne particulate matter. Protective equipment may be worn for job-relatedoccupational safety and health purposes, as well as for sports and other recreational activities. â€Å"Protective clothing† is applied to traditional categories of clothing, and â€Å"protective gear† applies to items such as pads, guards, shields, or masks, and others. The purpose of personal protective equipment is to reduce employee exposure to hazards when engineering and administrative controls are not feasible or effective to reduce these risks to acceptable levels. PPE is needed when there are hazards present. PPE has the serious limitation that it does not eliminate the hazard at source and may result in emp loyees being exposed to the hazard if the equipment fails.[1]